photo copyright Janice Siegel
Mycenae: Schliemann knew the place existed because he read about it in Homer (it is known as the home of Agamemnon, one of the leaders of the Greek expedition against Troy celebrated by Homer and later authors). Schliemann was sure that Homer had left enough clues for him to find it. And find it he did. Note the “Cyclopean Walls” – rocks cut to size and placed one on top of the other with no mortar to hold them together. Legend had it that only the Cyclopses could have done it. Citadel and fortification walls predate the Archaic Age (when Homer wrote, c.750 BC) and the Classical Age Greece (when the Athenian dramatists did, ca. 480-406 BC). Parts of the complex, including the royal grave circles, date as far back as 1600 BC, but much of the citadel construction appears to coincide with the historical date given to the Trojan War, 1183 BC. The Lions decorating the relieving triangle space in the Gate (each resting a paw on the propylon, the support of the House of Atreus), is taken to be the same lion associated with the House by Aeschylus in the only surviving trilogy from antiquity, The Oresteia.