Romans
in Germany: the Augustan Period
A Teacher Workshop held at Temple
University, Ambler Campus
March 24, 2001
Romans in
Gaul
A Teacher Workshop held at Temple
University, Ambler Campus
November 3, 2001
Romans in Germany II:
Antonine Period
A Teacher Workshop held at Temple
University, Ambler Campus
March 23, 2002
Romans
in Spain
A Teacher Workshop held at Temple
University, Ambler Campus
November 2, 2002
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ROMANS IN COLOGNE
Geography:
Cologne is the northernmost colony founded by the Romans. Click on the
map at left to see an enlarged overview of the cities founded by the
Romans in Europe Also see this
Map of Roman Empire (150 CE)
Roman
History of Cologne
Over 2000 years
ago, Augustus envisioned the tribal capital of the Ubii to be the
seat of a future province of Germania. The folly of Varus
changed forever the scope of the Romans' ambition, but the city
flourished and became known as Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium
(CCAA). Today we know this city simply as Cologne, and it continues
to be a center of interest in Roman culture and history... (from
In Search of the Roman Army:
A Visit to the Roemisch-Germanisches Museum
by Jenny Cline, Editor)
WEBSITES ON THE HISTORY OF THE COLONY
Read up on the history of
COLONIA AGRIPPINENSIS here:
Now answer these questions (reveal the
answers by simply moving your mouse over the answer blank):
This bust is
billed as Vipsania Agrippina" – the mother of Julia Agrippina...Who
did Julia, daughter of the Roman general Germanicus, marry in 48 AD?
Answer >
Tiberius
Roman
Ruins in Cologne
Roman
Waterworks in Cologne:
sewer, aqueduct, baths,
Roman
sewer / Town Hall: Rare section of a Roman municipal sewage system.
Example of the engineering skill of Roman architects. Read the article
at
http://www.koeln.de/portrait/e/colognefoot2.html:
How long and how high is the Roman sewer in Cologne?
Roman Baths:
ACTA TEMPESTIVA, ARCHEO newsbriefs: This article, courtesy of the
editors of ARCHEO magazine and Giovanni Lattanzi, tells about a new
archeological find: Roman baths in Cologne!
Other
Roman Waterworks/Aqueducts (for Comparative Purposes)
Go to this website for a photo of
the Roman Harbour Street
http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_cologneR.htm
A nice essay on the construction and
make-up of ancient Roman Roads by Adam Pawluk
Roman North Gate, Domterrasse:
Foundations and side arch of Roman North Gate. Click on photo for
info. Read the articles at
http://www.uni-koeln.de/koeln/unkommentiert.html
and
http://www.koeln.de/portrait/e/tourist2.html
to find out more about this structure.
Corner tower of the Roman city
wall, Cologne
Click on the photo for a larger view. Read the article at
http://www.villarustica.de/intro/index04e.html#intro08
and find out why this ancient monument is so important to our knowledge
of Roman history. There are also well-preserved mosaic decorations here.
Praetorium: Foundations of
the Roman governor´s palace (1st - 4th Century) preserved in their
original form; Roman monuments and decorations. See the ruins of the
praetorium at Irene's Travelogue pages (http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_cologneR.htm).
Ubiermonument (Monument of the
Ubii): Oldest square-stone masonry ever found North of the Alps (24
B.C.); Roman port entrance: English/Latin archaeological report:
http://webrum.uni-mannheim.de/phil/webas/html/thetis4.html
Other Roman ruins in Cologne:
Tomb in Weiden: Family tomb
of a Roman lord of a manor´s family (2nd Century)
St. Severin: Preserved
Roman/ Frankonian burial ground with foundation walls of the original
church
(4th C.)
Mithraeum
Castrum Divitium, Deutz:
Well-preserved foundations of the Eastern Gate
Cologne maps out its archeological
heritage using high-tech SICAD Geomatics
Roman
Artefacts in Cologne
Roman holdings of the Romisch-Germanisches Museum in Cologne (museum
website)
(also on power point presentation
here)
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large mosaic of Dionysus, satyrs,
and maenads:
10.57 x 7 meters (1-2 million tesserae), from oecus on
west side of peristyle of third-century CE Roman villa near modern
Cologne
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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mosaic head of Aristotle;
detail of head:
from large mosaic depicting Greek philosophers
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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mosaic head of Sophocles:
from large mosaic depicting Greek philosophers
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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large mosaic of Dionysus, satyrs,
and maenads:
10.57 x 7 meters (1-2 million tesserae), from oecus on
west side of peristyle of third-century CE Roman villa near modern
Cologne
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life-size model of Roman wagon
modern
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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Roman silver and ivory hairpins
with sculpted tops and ivory hairpin box with relief carving of
satyr and maenad
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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plan of the House of the Vettii
in Pompeii modern
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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terracotta oil lamps depicting
erotic scenes
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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bronze oil lamp in the form of a
comic mask
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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filigree silver medallion and
chain early first
century CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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silver bracelet with child's
portrait
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
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bust of Agrippa
50-60 CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits: Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: Agrippa; history
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model of Roman soldiers quarrying
stone for a construction project
modern
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits:
Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: army; military; building
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cameo of Augustus
wearing rayed crown of the sun god indicating deification; first
century CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits:
Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: Augustus; history;
emperors; deification
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bust of Agrippa
50-60 CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits:
Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: Agrippa; history
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terracotta flask depicting a
gladiatorial scene
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits:
Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: arena; gladiators;
sports; leisure
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small terracotta vase
with incised scene of maenads killing Orpheus or Pentheus
Roman, third century CE
Cologne, Romisch-Germanisches Museum. Credits:
Barbara McManus, 1988
Keywords: Bacchus, bacchante,
Dionysus, mythology
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underground corridor of Roman
sewer
1988; Cologne
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also see Irene's Travelogue 1999
for some additional photos of varying quality
(includes
bronze bust of Roma,
goddess of Rome, and children's toys)
Pottery made in Cologne
http://www.museenkoeln.de/rgm/perm/b_geschichte_01.htm
THE DISCOVERY AND PRESERVATION OF
ANCIENT MOSAICS (USING THE COLOGNE DIONYSOS MOSAIC AS A STARTING POINT)
http://clinton2.nara.gov/WH/New/Europe-9906/html/itinerary.html
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a detail of the mosaic |
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for a large collection of links
to art objects from antiquity with images of Dionysus, see Barbara
McManus'
http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/index4.html
Below are some images of
other Dionysian-related mosaics from around the world. Click on each
image to see a larger view and click on the attendant URL to read
about the mosaic.
Possible Assignments:
Is the mosaic in Cologne significantly
different from any of the others? (it is probably bigger than the
others, and uses almost 1.5 million tesserae!)
Make a list of the artistic compositions of
these fragments (figures, attributes, colors, orientation, group
composition, combinations of animal-mineral-vegetable-human
beings.....) What qualities of life do they tend to represent? Why
would anyone want such decoration in their tricilinium or peristyle
(most common rooms of discoveries) |
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click on the photo, a detail from
a mosaic identified as
Dionysios with Oceanus and Thetis
for a larger
view. This is taken from
http://www.artnet.com/magazine/features/acar/acar8-28-00.asp,
a webpage devoted to the archaeological site of Zeugma, and a
discussion of the difficulties in preserving ancient mosaics, mostly
because their value makes them attractive to thieves. Zeugma has the
additional problem that its precious archaeological site is about to
be inundated. |
Click here (http://www.zippori-usa.com/about.htm)
for a curious connection between youth, beauty, and Dionysus (from
the Dionysus mosiac at Sipporah - read all the way down to the
bottom of the file).
What is the connection? What
does Dionysus have to do with youth?
Describe the artistic
composition of as many squares of the Dionysus mosaic as possible:
compare them to these
other "Dionysus mosaics" from other archaeological, sites around the
world:
Homepage:
http://www.rollins.edu/arh305/annissa/sindex.htm
Hellenistic and Roman Sepphoris - mosaic is evidence of pagan
influence in a predominately Jewish City
Dionysos Mosaic at
Sepphoris:
http://www.rollins.edu/arh305/annissa/sm.htm
(measuring 21' X 17' and dating to
other webpage on
Sepphoris: http://www.furman.edu/~mcknight/galreg21.htm
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drinking contest |
drunken Heracles |
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the "Mona Lisa of the
Galilee" |
the bathing of Dionysus |
GO HERE (http://techunix.technion.ac.il/~meryzse/prof.html)
Delos: House of the Masks (Perseus):
page with thumbnails
(last photo from House of Dionysos)
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satyr |
a mask |
a mask |
a mask |
Dionysos on Panther |
winged and crowned Dionysos
on panther (House of Dionysos) |
Dr. J's Illustrated
Dionysus Mosaics from Delos...note the cluster of grapes and
the panther motif |
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http://romanhistorybooksandmore.freeservers.com/p_cologneRG.htm
Resources on Various Aspects
of the Roman World:
for fun, see how many German
names today have Roman etymologies...http://www.behindthename.com/nmc/ger.html
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